ESP32
一、简介
1、GPIO 针脚
有 28 个 0～16位PWM通道。带有‘~’符号的引脚表示支持 PWM
| 芯片型号 | 核心 | Wi-Fi | 蓝牙 | 特点 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ESP32 | 双核 Xtensa | 2.4G | BT Classic + BLE | 经典款，资源多 |
| ESP32-S2 | 单核 Xtensa 240MHz | W2.4G | ❌ | USB OTG |
| ESP32-S3 | 双核 Xtensa 240MHz | 2.4G | BLE | AI/USB |
| ESP32-C3 | 单核 RISC-V 160MHz | 2.4G | BLE | 低功耗、便宜 IoT |
| ESP32-C6 | 单核 RISC-V 160MHz | 2.4G + 802.15.4 | BLE | Thread / Matter |
| ESP32-H2 | 单核 | ❌ | BLE + 802.15.4 | 无 Wi-Fi、Zigbee |
| 设备名 | VID | 作用 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| TTL | /dev/cu.usbserial-* |
1A86 | CH340，烧录+UART |
| OTG | /dev/cu.usbmodem-* |
303A | ESP32-S3 原生 USB（CDC/JTAG） |
二、硬件连接
1、查看串口信息
pio device list
# /dev/cu.usbserial-14120
# Hardware ID: USB VID:PID=1A86:7523 LOCATION=20-1.2
# Description: USB Serial
# VID=1A86代表CH340（TTL 口）
2、查看硬件信息
# esptool 是platformio工具中的命令
esptool --port /dev/cu.usbserial-14120 chip-id
# Connected to ESP32-S3 on /dev/cu.usbserial-14120:
# Chip type: ESP32-S3 (QFN56) (revision v0.2)
# Features: Wi-Fi, BT 5 (LE), Dual Core + LP Core, 240MHz, Embedded PSRAM 8MB (AP_3v3)
# Crystal frequency: 40MHz
# MAC: 3c:0f:02:d2:1a:f4
# Stub flasher running.
# Warning: ESP32-S3 has no chip ID. Reading MAC address instead.
# MAC: 3c:0f:02:d2:1a:f4
# Hard resetting via RTS pin..
3、查看端口是否在占用
lsof /dev/cu.usbserial-14120
4、查看platformio支持的board
pio boards ESP32-S3
# 查看已安装的 SDK：pio boards --installed
三、开发
1、开发环境platformio
- vscode安装插件platformio
- brew安装platformio
2、配置文件
platformin.ini
; 构建环境,格式：[env:环境名]。一个工程可以有多个env。使用pio指定环境名pio run -e 环境名
[env:esp32dev]
; 芯片平台(也可以表示为：工具链、烧录工具、SDK。但不是指芯片型号)。常见平台
; espressif32: ESP32/S2/S3/C3/C6/P4
; ststm32: STM32
; raspberrypi: RP2040
platform = espressif32
; 板级定义,它决定Flash大小、分区表、Boot模式、USB/UART、PSRAM是否存在。
; 可以使用pio boards ESP32-S3 命令查看支持的board
; 常用：esp32dev，esp32-s3-devkitc-1
board = esp32dev
; 软件框架，arduino、espidf、(arduino, espidf)
framework = arduino
monitor_speed = 115200
upload_speed = 115200
build_src_filter = +<info.cpp>
upload_port = /dev/cu.usbserial-0001
monitor_port = /dev/cu.SLAB_USBtoUART
monitor_filters =
esp32_exception_decoder
time
lib_deps =
knolleary/PubSubClient
milesburton/DallasTemperature
4、烧录
编译
pio run
上传
pio run -t upload
监视串口
pio device monitor
screen /dev/ttyUSB0 115200
5、监控
四、ESPHOME
0、简介
1、安装esphome
python3 -m venv venv
source venv/bin/activate
pip3 install esphome
2、查看硬件信息
详参章节三第二节的“硬件连接”
3、配置
配置文件文档：https://esphome.io/guides/
①Dashboard 配置设备
UI 界面配置连接: esphome dashboard .
②手动配置
esp32s3.yaml
esphome:
name: esp32s3
friendly_name: "测试设备"
# ESP32平台配置文档：https://esphome.io/components/esp32/
esp32:
board: esp32-s3-devkitc1-n16r8
variant: esp32s3
framework:
type: esp-idf #可选项esp-idf/arduino。arduino对ESP32,ESP32-C3,ESP32-S2,ESP32-S3等硬件,esp-idf
# 启用详细日志，会显示硬件和连接信息.配置文档：https://esphome.io/components/logger/
logger:
level: INFO
hardware_uart: UART0 # ⭐ 日志强制走 TTL（CH340）串口
# WIFI配置文档：https://esphome.io/components/wifi/
wifi:
networks:
- ssid: !secret wifi_ssid
password: !secret wifi_password
bssid: !secret wifi_bssid
# 可选，静态IP配置
# manual_ip:
# static_ip: 192.168.1.50
# gateway: 192.168.1.1
# subnet: 255.255.255.0
# dns1: 8.8.8.8
api:
port: 6053
batch_delay: 50ms # Reduce latency for real-time applications
listen_backlog: 2 # Allow 2 pending connections in queue
max_connections: 6 # Allow up to 6 simultaneous connections
max_send_queue: 10 # Maximum queued messages per connection before disconnect
encryption:
key: "YOUR_ENCRYPTION_KEY_HERE"
reboot_timeout: 30min
web_server:
port: 80
auth:
username: !secret web_username
password: !secret web_password
secrets.yaml
wifi_ssid: "WIFI"
wifi_password: "WIFI密码"
# 可选: 在mesh网络中指定连接特定的AP MAC1地址
wifi_bssid: "11:22:33:44:55:66"
# Web界面认证
web_username: "admin"
web_password: "admin123"
4、运行
# 编译
esphome compile esp32s3-minimal.yaml
# 上传烧录
esphome upload esp32s3-minimal.yaml
# 查看日志
esphome logs esp32s3-minimal.yaml
# 一键编译、烧录、日志
esphome run esp32s3-minimal.yaml